What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you comparing the efficiency ratings of new heating and cooling systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your current HVAC unit. Either way, you can find the efficiency rating and projected yearly operating costs by inspecting the yellow Energy Guide tag along the side of the unit. Below are some facts about the different ratings you might find and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is short for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a measurement of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating signifies the cooling output of an air conditioner over a full cooling season, divided by the total amount of energy consumed throughout that time. A higher SEER rating indicates better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for recently manufactured air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an improvement from the old minimum requirement of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment reflects the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) persistent efforts to decrease energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

These days, premium air conditioners tout ratings of 26 SEER or higher, delivering remarkable energy savings. But bear in mind, outstanding SEER ratings typically come with a higher purchase cost. This simply means you should think about both the initial investment and the prospects for ongoing savings when selecting a new air conditioner.

What Is an EER Rating?

Even though SEER ratings are more known to consumers, there’s a different efficiency measurement you should know about. It’s called EER, and it is short for Energy Efficiency Ratio. This conveys the effectiveness of an AC unit under distinct operating situations. The EER rating helps you understand how the system will support the demand on those very hot summer days.

Currently, only the southwest region has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. Peak ratings top out at about 14 EER. Most of the time SEER and EER for the most part correspond, with higher ratings meaning greater overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are measurements of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps when in heating mode. HSPF is a ratio of the entire heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) during the heating season to the rate of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, a boost from the preceeding minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE hopes to encourage the use of more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses across the U.S. You can always settle for the minimum, but you may want to invest in a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the optimum performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are an alternative measure of heating system efficiency, but they only pertain to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a percentage of the annual heat output to the fuel consumed during that period. The greater the AFUE rating, the more efficient the heating system.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Previously, the several southern states had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the northern states required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. Even though you’re not required to buy a system with ratings above the minimum, you’ll cut back on your utility bills by opting for a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) created the ENERGY STAR program in 1992 to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go far beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and decrease emissions without compromising performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which identifies the best performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually revising the qualification criteria in the wake of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help deciding which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is ideal for your budget, turn to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can assess your situation and help you make an informed choice. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most popular brands, all of which satisfy or exceed the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so confident you’ll be happy with our services that we provide a 100% satisfaction guarantee! To learn more or to schedule a free HVAC installation estimate, please contact a Service Experts office near you.

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